Build packages

Learn how to install and build packages different package formats.

Composer
Conan
Maven
Gradle
npm
Yarn
NuGet
PyPI

Composer

Create a directory called my-composer-package and change to that directory:
```
mkdir my-composer-package && cd my-composer-package
```

Run composer init and answer the prompts.

For namespace, enter your unique namespace, like your GitLab username or group name.

A file called composer.json is created:

{
  "name": "<namespace>/composer-test",
  "description": "Library XY",
  "type": "library",
  "license": "GPL-3.0-only",
  "authors": [
    {
      "name": "John Doe",
      "email": "john@example.com"
    }
  ],
  "require": {}
}

Conan

Install Conan

Download the Conan package manager to your local development environment by following the instructions at conan.io.

When installation is complete, verify you can use Conan in your terminal by running:

conan --version

The Conan version is printed in the output:

Conan version 1.20.5

Install CMake

When you develop with C++ and Conan, you can select from many available compilers. This example uses the CMake build system generator.

To install CMake:

For Mac, use Homebrew and run brew install cmake.
For other operating systems, follow the instructions at cmake.org.

When installation is complete, verify you can use CMake in your terminal by running:

cmake --version

The CMake version is printed in the output.

Create a project

To test the Package Registry, you need a C++ project. If you don't already have one, you can clone the Conan hello world starter project.

Build a Conan package

To build a package:

Open a terminal and navigate to your project's root folder.
Generate a new recipe by running conan new with a package name and version:
```
conan new Hello/0.1 -t
```
Create a package for the recipe by running conan create with the Conan user and channel:
```
conan create . mycompany/beta
```
NOTE: If you use an instance remote, you must follow a specific naming convention.

A package with the recipe Hello/0.1@mycompany/beta is created.

For more details about creating and managing Conan packages, see the Conan documentation.

Maven

Install Maven

The required minimum versions are:

Java 11.0.5+
Maven 3.6+

Follow the instructions at maven.apache.org to download and install Maven for your local development environment. After installation is complete, verify you can use Maven in your terminal by running:

mvn --version

The output should be similar to:

Apache Maven 3.6.1 (d66c9c0b3152b2e69ee9bac180bb8fcc8e6af555; 2019-04-04T20:00:29+01:00)
Maven home: /Users/<your_user>/apache-maven-3.6.1
Java version: 12.0.2, vendor: Oracle Corporation, runtime: /Library/Java/JavaVirtualMachines/jdk-12.0.2.jdk/Contents/Home
Default locale: en_GB, platform encoding: UTF-8
OS name: "mac os x", version: "10.15.2", arch: "x86_64", family: "mac"

Build a Maven package

Open your terminal and create a directory to store the project.
From the new directory, run this Maven command to initialize a new package:
```
mvn archetype:generate -DgroupId=com.mycompany.mydepartment -DartifactId=my-project -DarchetypeArtifactId=maven-archetype-quickstart -DinteractiveMode=false
```
The arguments are:
- DgroupId: A unique string that identifies your package. Follow the Maven naming conventions.
- DartifactId: The name of the JAR, appended to the end of the DgroupId.
- DarchetypeArtifactId: The archetype used to create the initial structure of the project.
- DinteractiveMode: Create the project using batch mode (optional).

This message indicates that the project was set up successfully:

...
[INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------
[INFO] BUILD SUCCESS
[INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------
[INFO] Total time:  3.429 s
[INFO] Finished at: 2020-01-28T11:47:04Z
[INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------

In the folder where you ran the command, a new directory should be displayed. The directory name should match the DartifactId parameter, which in this case, is my-project.

Gradle

Install Gradle

If you want to create a new Gradle project, you must install Gradle. Follow instructions at gradle.org to download and install Gradle for your local development environment.

In your terminal, verify you can use Gradle by running:

gradle -version

To use an existing Gradle project, in the project directory, on Linux execute gradlew, or on Windows execute gradlew.bat.

The output should be similar to:

------------------------------------------------------------
Gradle 6.0.1
------------------------------------------------------------

Build time:   2019-11-18 20:25:01 UTC
Revision:     fad121066a68c4701acd362daf4287a7c309a0f5

Kotlin:       1.3.50
Groovy:       2.5.8
Ant:          Apache Ant(TM) version 1.10.7 compiled on September 1 2019
JVM:          11.0.5 (Oracle Corporation 11.0.5+10)
OS:           Windows 10 10.0 amd64

Create a package

Open your terminal and create a directory to store the project.

From this new directory, run this command to initialize a new package:

gradle init

The output should be:

Select type of project to generate:
  1: basic
  2: application
  3: library
  4: Gradle plugin
Enter selection (default: basic) [1..4]

Enter 3 to create a new Library project. The output should be:

Select implementation language:
  1: C++
  2: Groovy
  3: Java
  4: Kotlin
  5: Scala
  6: Swift

Enter 3 to create a new Java Library project. The output should be:

Select build script DSL:
  1: Groovy
  2: Kotlin
Enter selection (default: Groovy) [1..2]

Enter 1 to create a new Java Library project that is described in Groovy DSL, or 2 to create one that is described in Kotlin DSL. The output should be:
```
Select test framework:
  1: JUnit 4
  2: TestNG
  3: Spock
  4: JUnit Jupiter
```
Enter 1 to initialize the project with JUnit 4 testing libraries. The output should be:
```
Project name (default: test):
```
Enter a project name or press Enter to use the directory name as project name.

npm

Install npm

Install Node.js and npm in your local development environment by following the instructions at npmjs.com.

When installation is complete, verify you can use npm in your terminal by running:

npm --version

The npm version is shown in the output:

6.10.3

Create an npm package

Create an empty directory.
Go to the directory and initialize an empty package by running:
```
npm init
```
Enter responses to the questions. Ensure the package name follows the naming convention and is scoped to the project or group where the registry exists.

Yarn

Install Yarn

As an alternative to npm, you can install Yarn in your local environment by following the instructions at classic.yarnpkg.com.

When installation is complete, verify you can use Yarn in your terminal by running:

yarn --version

The Yarn version is shown in the output:

1.19.1

Create a package

Create an empty directory.
Go to the directory and initialize an empty package by running:
```
yarn init
```
Enter responses to the questions. Ensure the package name follows the naming convention and is scoped to the project or group where the registry exists.

A package.json file is created.

NuGet

Install NuGet

Follow the instructions from Microsoft to install NuGet. If you have Visual Studio, NuGet is probably already installed.

Verify that the NuGet CLI is installed by running:

nuget help

The output should be similar to:

NuGet Version: 5.1.0.6013
usage: NuGet <command> [args] [options]
Type 'NuGet help <command>' for help on a specific command.

Available commands:

[output truncated]

PyPI

Install pip and twine

Install a recent version of pip and twine.

Create a project

Create a test project.

Open your terminal.
Create a directory called MyPyPiPackage, and then go to that directory:
```
mkdir MyPyPiPackage && cd MyPyPiPackage
```
Create another directory and go to it:
```
mkdir mypypipackage && cd mypypipackage
```
Create the required files in this directory:
```
touch __init__.py
touch greet.py
```

Open the greet.py file, and then add:

def SayHello():
    print("Hello from MyPyPiPackage")
    return

Open the __init__.py file, and then add:
```
from .greet import SayHello
```
To test the code, in your MyPyPiPackage directory, start the Python prompt.
```
python
```

Run this command:

>>> from mypypipackage import SayHello
>>> SayHello()

A message indicates that the project was set up successfully:

Python 3.8.2 (v3.8.2:7b3ab5921f, Feb 24 2020, 17:52:18)
[Clang 6.0 (clang-600.0.57)] on darwin
Type "help", "copyright", "credits" or "license" for more information.
>>> from mypypipackage import SayHello
>>> SayHello()
Hello from MyPyPiPackage

Create a PyPI package

After you create a project, you can create a package.

In your terminal, go to the MyPyPiPackage directory.
Create a pyproject.toml file:
```
touch pyproject.toml
```
This file contains all the information about the package. For more information about this file, see creating pyproject.toml. Because GitLab identifies packages based on Python normalized names (PEP-503), ensure your package name meets these requirements. See the installation section for details.

Open the pyproject.toml file, and then add basic information:

[build-system]
requires = ["setuptools>=61.0"]
build-backend = "setuptools.build_meta"

[project]
name = "mypypipackage"
version = "0.0.1"
authors = [
    { name="Example Author", email="author@example.com" },
]
description = "A small example package"
requires-python = ">=3.7"
classifiers = [
   "Programming Language :: Python :: 3",
   "Operating System :: OS Independent",
]

[tool.setuptools.packages]
find = {}

Save the file.
Install the package build library:
```
pip install build
```
Build the package:
```
python -m build
```

The output should be visible in a newly-created dist folder:

ls dist

The output should appear similar to the following:

mypypipackage-0.0.1-py3-none-any.whl mypypipackage-0.0.1.tar.gz

The package is now ready to be published to the Package Registry.